wall stret

http://www.sbs.com.au/dateline/video/l530101/wall-street-revolt

biblioburro

An interesting new approach to culture and education

the shock doctrine

Ficha técnica:
Título original: The Shock Doctrine
Nacionalidad: R.U
Género: Política / Sociedad
Director: Michael Winterbottom, Mat Whitecross
Productora: Revolution Films, Renegade Pictures
Intervenciones: Kieran O’Brien, Naomi Klein, Donald O. Hebb, Janine Huard, Milton Friedman, Edward M. Korry, Joseph Blair, Elisa Tokar, Harlan Ulman, Paul Bremer.
Año: 2009
Calificación moral: Todos los públicos
Argumento:
Basada en el libro de Naomi Klein, La doctrina del shock trata del auge del llamado ‘capitalismo del desastre’. Éste insta a los gobiernos a aprovechar periodos de crisis económicas, guerras, desastres naturales, ataques terroristas y epidemias, para saquear los intereses públicos y llevar a cabo todo tipo de reformas a favor del libre mercado. Medidas tan despiadadas que sólo han podido imponerse mediante el miedo, la fuerza y la represión.
La película rastrea los orígenes de este capitalismo salvaje en las teorías radicales el Premio Nobel de Economía Milton Friedman y su posterior implementación en todo el mundo, desde las dictaduras en Chile o Argentina de los años 70, a la Gran Bretaña de Margaret Thatcher, la Rusia de Yeltsin, o las no tan lejanas invasiones neoconservadoras en Afganistán e Irak.
Ante una época de crisis mundial como la que vivimos, hoy más que nunca clama la necesidad de una alternativa al neoliberalismo aplicado en todo el mundo durante los últimos 60 años. Tal como dijo Donald Rumsfeld: “Milton Friedman encarna una verdad: que las ideas tienen consecuencias”. Y dada la influencia que tuvieron estas teorías y siendo evidentes sus terribles consecuencias, la interpretación que esta película hace de los acontecimientos históricos ocurridos, bien merece ser difundida..
Fuente texto y más información:

be happy

A final fairwell for all of you and wishing you a good summer

Another version of it in English

Spain salad growers

Interesting video and newspaper article about slave immigrants in Spain


http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2011/feb/07/spain-salad-growers-slaves-charities?intcmp=239

Spanish proteteters head for standoff with police in Madrid square

Spanish protesters head for standoff with police in Madrid square


Thousands of anti-government protesters in Madrid and other cities refuse to leave as interior minister warns of intervention

o Giles Tremlett in Madrid

• guardian.co.uk, Friday 20 May 2011 18.36 BST



Anti-government demonstrators camped in Madrid's Puerta del Sol square defy an order to leave and may face a police standoff. Photograph: Pedro Armestre/AFP/Getty Images

Thousands of protesters who are camped out in Madrid's central Puerta del Sol square and in dozens more Spanish cities have pledged to defy an order to pack up their tent cities and leave.

As the country's electoral authorities ordered them to move by midnight on Friday, claiming they would disturb Sunday's municipal and regional elections, organisers called a special silent protest for first thing on Saturday morning.

A tense standoff between police and protesters looked inevitable as interior minister Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba warned that authorities would uphold the law.

"Police know exactly what they have to do," he said, without specifying. "Their actions will depend on what happens."

"We are expecting some kind of attempt to get rid of us," warned organisers in southern Seville, where several hundred people were also camped out in a city square.

But protesters claimed their "silent" demonstration in Madrid on Saturday would not break rules preventing campaigning on the day before an election.

More than 10,000 people had gathered in the small hours of Friday morning in support of the campers who first appeared in the Puerta del Sol square on Sunday.

Up to a thousand more spent the night in tents or sleeping out on mattresses, sofas, armchairs and other furniture wheeled out into a very well-run camp. Volunteers had organised themselves into clean-up crews, catering groups, a legal department, a press office and a first aid centre under a tarpaulin-covered part of the square. Many brought tents and sleeping bags. Four portable toilets had apparently been donated by a sympathetic building company.

Organisers asked people not to donate more food as everything from sandwiches to fruit was passed around by volunteers. "This is a demonstration, not a party," read some signs as cans of beer were passed around.

The strong organisation contrasted with confusion about the protesters' aims. Protesters' committees held open assemblies to debate proposals covering issues from electoral reform to animal rights. A general assembly saw almost a thousand people sitting out in the sun for hours on Thursday afternoon, many decked with homemade paper hats, to listen to the reports on the previous day's debates.

The biggest cheers came for proposals to tackle corruption, reduce political perks and reform an electoral system that favours a two-party system in the national parliament. "This isn't about left or right. It isn't even a political movement," said protester Juan Martin, a 22-year-old carpenter. "It is about a better society."

"And if we can do this here, then we need it even more urgently in Italy," said Italian journalism student Sara D'Eustacchio, who joined the Madrid camp.

She said Facebook and Twitter were being used to export the so-called "Spanish Revolution" movement to the rest of Europe, with a dozen similar protests being planned in Italy. Protesters had gathered outside the Spanish embassy in London on Thursday.

It was not clear when the peaceful protests would end, with Madrid organisers insisting that the camp-out – advertised with "Yes, we camp!" signs, echoing Barack Obama's campaign slogan – would continue on Saturday.

"We will continue with the exercise of collective reflection between all those attending the spontaneous meetings to have emerged in recent days," they said.

Authorities in Barcelona said they would not act against demonstrators there, as long as they remained peaceful.

The movement places the socialist government of Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, which is already predicted to suffer serious defeat at Sunday's elections, in a difficult situation.

"We have to listen and be sensitive, because there are reasons why they are expressing their unhappiness and their criticism," Zapatero said on Thursday.

At the square, political parties and trades unions were clearly not welcome.

"Politicians can come here if they want, but we might not listen to them," said a protest spokesman named Jero. "There is no date for this to end."

more news about indignados

Thousands of protesters who say they are ignored by Spain’s political class gathered in a central square in Madrid on Wednesday night to demand reforms, despite an effort by electoral officials to impose a ban on demonstrations as Spain prepares to vote in local elections this weekend.

As El País reports, the protesters defied a ruling by Madrid’s electoral board, which had refused to grant permission for a fourth straight day of protests in the Spanish capital’s Puerta del Sol, so close to election day.



The Spanish newspaper explains that the protesters are “fed up with high unemployment and a faltering economy,” and feel unrepresented by the major political parties.



Following the board’s ruling, riot police officers deployed around the square, but allowed protesters to enter after checking their national identity cards, according to a series of updates posted on the English-language section of the El País Web site.



A new Spanish youth group, Democracia Real Ya, or True Democracy Now, inspired by the pro-democracy movements in the Arab world, used social networks to help organize the demonstrations, which began on Sunday.

As El País explained, the organizers are a diverse lot, yet “so well organized that they put together a security team of 200 people to prevent any trouble during the Madrid demonstration; they also had enough vision to use all the tricks in the book to keep the protest among Twitter’s most popular conversation topics in the world for the entire day,” using the tag #15m, to claim the date of May 15 for the start of their #SpanishRevolution.





Susana Vera/Reuters

Protesters in Madrid’s Puerta del Sol on Tuesday.The group, whose manifesto has been translated into English, on Wednesday called for demonstrators to occupy Madrid’s Puerta del Sol and other main squares in cities across Spain until Sunday’s elections.



Despite efforts by Madrid’s police force to clear the square at night, hundreds of protesters were still camped in the square on Wednesday, CNN reported.





According to officials in Madrid, about 20,000 people attended the first protest in Puerta del Sol, on Sunday, as thousands more rallied in more than 50 other Spanish cities, including Barcelona, Valencia and Zaragoza.



Puerta del Sol was packed again on Tuesday, as seen in this video posted on YouTube by Juan Luis Sánchez, a journalist and blogger.





(There is more video of the square on Tuesday on the El País YouTube channel.)



Mr. Sánchez, who is covering the protests for the Spanish news site Periodismo Humano, uploaded a series of photographs of the crowds at Wednesday’s demonstration in the square to Yfrog, including this one, of a sign boasting of “the power of nonviolence.”





Juan Luis Sánchez, via Yfrog

A protester in Madrid’s Puerto del Sol square on Wednesday night.Thanks to Mauro Accurso, a technology journalist and blogger in Buenos Aires, who suggested this topic to me on Twitter.



.

Spain protests

http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/europe/05/18/spain.protests/index.html?iref=allsearch

Madrid, Spain (CNN) -- Protests against Spain's economic crisis took a new turn Wednesday as social media networks fueled calls for demonstrators to take to the streets before local elections a few days away.

Thousands returned late Tuesday to Madrid's central Puerta del Sol plaza -- where the main protests began Sunday.

A few hundred demonstrators camped out there overnight, while similar but smaller protests were held in Barcelona and other Spanish cities, a protest organizer said.

"The economy and unemployment are key to the protest because that binds all of us together," said Jon Aguirre Such, a spokesman for the Real Democracy Now, one of many groups convening the demonstrations.

"In this crisis, while some have gotten rich, most people have less income," Aguirre said.

Demonstrators are protesting Spain's 21% unemployment rate and a record 4.9 million jobless.

Protesters say a plethora of temporary labor contracts offer few or no job benefits. In addition, some are protesting against the political and financial establishment that they say is to blame.

The protests come in the closing days of the campaign for local elections set for Sunday. Spain's 8,000 cities and towns will elect mayors, along with 13 (out of 17) regional presidents and parliaments.

Opinion polls in Spanish media predict major gains for the opposition conservatives over Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero's ruling Socialist party.

Zapatero, squeezed by the nation's prolonged economic crisis, announced last month he won't seek a third term in national elections due by March 2012.

For the past few years, as Spain's rate of unemployment remained tenaciously high, most of the protests were organized by major trade unions.

But the latest protests appear to be grass-roots movements fueled by social networks, sparking more attention.

Elena Ortega, who says she's managed to find only a part-time secretarial job, helped spread the word on Facebook about the protests on Wednesday.

"If this is happening, it's because the unions weren't doing what was needed, when it was needed. They haven't delivered," she said.

She said she's worried about her 20-year-old son, who has only found temporary jobs in the past four years.

"Forty percent of our young people are unemployed and don't have a chance," Ortega said.

The movement does not appear to be linked to the unions or political parties, the traditional protest heavyweights in Spain, said Economist Fernando Fernandez of the IE Business School in Madrid.

"I think we really don't know what we're seeing," Fernandez said. "This is the very beginning of a new movement. I don't expect it to become a very large social response or protest against the unemployment perspective in Spain."

But hours later, on Tuesday night, several thousand protesters returned to Madrid's central plaza. By Wednesday morning, dozens remained in their overnight encampment.

The social media networks call for renewed protests on Wednesday evening in Madrid and three dozen other Spanish cities. The aim is to continue the protests at least through the elections on Sunday, Aguirre said.

But Wednesday afternoon, Madrid's elections board banned the planned demonstration at 8 p.m. (2 p.m. ET) at the Puerta del Sol plaza. The board said there were not "extraordinary and serious reasons" to allow the demonstration on short notice, according to the central government's main regional office in Madrid.

The election board vetoed the demonstration -- which would have come during the final days of the election campaign -- on the grounds it could affect the right of citizens to vote freely, a regional office spokesman said.

Organizers of many large demonstrations in Madrid seek and receive prior authorization, usually days or weeks ahead of the event. But the economic protests since Sunday have sprung up on short notice.

Spain's El Pais newspaper reported that authorities planned to have sufficient police officers on hand to prevent the demonstration.

seve ballesteros

This is radio interview with Seve Ballesteros talking to ex football player and currently BBC sports reporter Gary Lineker, who played for Leicester FC, Everton and Barcelona FC.

 

This a video interview with Seve Ballesteros  talking about his disease and his life.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/tv_and_radio/inside_sport/8304388.stm

This is a superb newspaper article about him


My friend Seve


He played golf with a passion not seen before or since. Off the course he mixed great kindness with a volatile temper. Over 30 years, our writer has known him better than most. This is his story

Bill Elliott
The Observer, Sunday 4 January 2009

Seve Ballesteros at the Open Championship at the Royal Lytham and St Annes Golf Club, Lancashire, July 1988. Photograph: David Cannon/Getty Images
Sportswriters have few heroes. Fans with laptops are as professionally uncool as they are emotionally unprofessional. Then there is the weary fact that we get to see the players up close and personal, and few of them pass any major personality test. Most successful sportspeople are as one-dimensional as they are talented. It goes with the job; hell, it's why they are good at the job.

For me, now towards the blunt end of a sportswriting career that began 40 years ago, there have been only three heroes: Muhammad Ali, George Best and Severiano Ballesteros. Each had character to equal their talent. It may have been difficult actually to live with any of them, but it was impossible not to be a fan.

Now only a struggling Seve and a diminished Ali remain. While George's long descent to the grave was inevitable, Seve's fight against the ravaging effects of a brain tumour at 51 years of age is shocking. It is well over a decade since he was able to grace the closing holes of a major championship (his appetite for golf remained vibrant but his ability to play it was blunted by a spinal problem), yet that does not matter. Losing Seve as a player is one thing, losing him so prematurely as a man would have been another.

And what we nearly lost is a unique personality, a man whose quixotic tendency is not so much to tilt at windmills as to put his boot into them, and almost everything else that does not immediately bend to his will.

I first met him in a Southport restaurant in 1976, when a journalist chum introduced us a few days before that year's Open Championship began at Royal Birkdale. At 19, he was impossibly young for the tournament, and improbably handsome. He was also gauche, awkward and spoke very little English. 'Keep your eye on him,' my pal said. 'He looks like he could be special.'

By the end of that week a large part of the sporting world had met Seve Ballesteros. He had plundered his way across the old links playing the sort of outrageous, uncoachable golf that was to be his trademark. He tied for second alongside Jack Nicklaus, while Johnny Miller was champion. European golf would never be the same.

In 1979 he was back in Lancashire, this time at Royal Lytham, and this time he was the Open champ. 'O-bloody-lé,' roared a local, broad-vowel accent as Seve made his way on to the final green, holed his winning putt and began to cry in the arms of his brothers. It was the first of five majors - three Opens and two Masters - as he swaggered his way through the game over the next decade. And, as it happens, we became friends.

The first of those Masters wins came the following spring. By now he was an acknowledged phenomenon. He played golf like we all did, spraying the ball hither and thither, but, unlike us, he then recovered brilliantly. We loved him for his vulnerability. He brought a passion to golf that it never had before and has not enjoyed since. He made this stuffy old game seem sexy and exciting, so that men yearned to be him and women simply wanted to be with him. He was the godfather of the modern European Tour, moving the interest from golf lovers to general sports fans and non-sports-fans alike, and encouraging serious money into the game.

Before that 1980 Masters began I watched from the clubhouse at Augusta as he finished a practice round, several thousand fans embroidering the scene. It took him ages to make his way through the punters to the clubhouse and when he finally made it he looked at me and gave a huge grin. He held out his hand and when I held out mine he dropped several scraps of paper into it and laughed. Each contained a girl's name and a phone number. 'These people are crazy, eh?' he said. His English was much better by then.

When he won his Green Jacket, he invited the British journalists to join him that evening at his rented house for a celebration party. We arrived before he had returned from various duties at the club; there were maybe 20 people in total, most from his Spanish entourage. When he turned up Seve was wearing his new club blazer, a white shirt and an Augusta member's tie. I have never seen anyone look happier or healthier. If he had been a labrador his nose would have been dripping. At 23, he was king of his world. When I mentioned something along these lines, his face darkened and he told me to follow him. We moved into the kitchen where the connecting door to the garage had been removed and replaced by a trapeze.

'See this,' he said. 'I must hang upside down from this for 20 minutes each morning to try to stretch my back. Every day I have pain. Healthy? No, not healthy.' And he made me try it for a few minutes. A few minutes was all I could stand. Even in the earliest days of his success Seve knew that, for him, a long career was almost certainly out of the question. The fact is that he never played totally pain-free. The other fact is that opponents never realised this. Like Tiger Woods now, his default position was never to show any weakness if he could help it.

It was different when it came to complaining. As a player, Seve was one of life's world-class whingers. Like John McEnroe on the tennis court he fed off perceived slights. Top of his list was the entire United States. He disliked the country, the food, the other players, the way MCs announced him on tees as 'Steve' Ballesteros.

And he absolutely hated the American media's portrayal of him as some hick, get-lucky Spaniard who had won his first Open at Lytham despite slicing his drive on the 16th tee into a car park. He had a point - because he had then finessed his ball on to the green and holed the birdie putt, which seemed to have escaped their notice. It was a resentment that helped fuel him when he led Europe in the Ryder Cup. Nothing pleased him more than whacking the Yanks in their own backyard. Or, indeed, anywhere.

At one US Open I was with his group when he hit an approach shot to a distant green only for his ball to be tossed into a bunker by the breeze. When we got there his ball was horribly plugged in the sand. He glared at me for a few seconds before muttering: 'Fucking lucky? Why do they call me fucking lucky? Shit.' He almost holed the bunker shot. As he clambered back out I suggested he was indeed a bit lucky. He stopped, grinned and said: 'Maybe a bit but I'm good too. Yes?'

No pal, you were not good; more often than not you were brilliant. Mostly, however, his attraction lay in his looks, his rakish charisma and his desire to involve us all in his journey. At one press conference he told us very seriously that we were all 'the same family' and so we must rejoice in our mutual successes. While Nick Faldo kept us at bay, Seve bought us tickets for the best seats to watch the show and then asked us backstage afterwards. Faldo got respect, Ballesteros got affection. It was what it was.

Sometimes, however, the dark moods he is prone to came between us. Such a moment came at an Irish Open in the mid-Eighties. By then Seve was the most in-demand golfer in the world. He was also in full combat mode when it came to his relationship with the US Tour and that circuit's boss, Deane Beman. Beman had been a decent player himself, with four Tour victories. He was as abrasive and determined a character as Seve and when he decreed that 'foreigners' must commit fully to the American circuit if they wished to play - that they entered at least 15 events and that they must request permission to return, in Ballesteros's case, to Europe - Seve boiled over.

Beman, on holiday in Ireland, had been invited by the Irish Open organisers to play. Seve came in for a pre-tournament press conference and expressed his displeasure: 'Beman is taking a place that should be reserved for a player who needs the money. He should not be here.'

When he left the media centre I walked with him to ask his feelings about Beman. He stopped and glared at me, his face contorting in rage. 'Deane Beman?' he snorted. 'Deane Beman? Why you ask? You are trying to upset me. I don't want to talk about this man. I think of him when I go to sleep and I am still thinking of him when I wake up. Fuck him. And you.'

As he spoke those last words his right fist curled and he pulled his arm back. I thought, 'Christ, he's going to hit me.' The security guard with us thought so too and stepped aside to allow him a better swing. Then his arm relaxed and he turned swiftly. He strode away muttering.

That, I thought, was obviously the end of whatever friendship we enjoyed. Next day after his round, he was in front of the reporters again. I sat at the back and sulked, and determined not to ask any questions. When the press conference was over I stood up to walk out.

'Beel, Beel, we must speak,' Seve said urgently. 'Please.' Reluctantly I turned back. He grabbed me by both arms and moved close so only I could hear what he was saying. 'I want to say sorry for yesterday. I should not have spoken to you like that and acted as I did. But Beman upsets me, you know. I was wrong and I am sorry.' He offered an embrace and I accepted. Who wouldn't? Now, though, I felt sorry for him and so I said something about my wife speaking to me all the time like that. His face grew more serious and he moved in close again. 'That is OK for your wife but not for me. Never for me.' Our friendship never looked back.

Ryder Cup matches had, understandably, meant nothing to him when he first turned professional. Back then it was Great Britain & Ireland versus the United States, so for Seve the Ryder Cup meant no more than a week off. But Jack Nicklaus, worried that routinely monotonous American victories were threatening the competition's future, urged the British PGA to open the team out to the continental golfers, inspired, he admits, by the emergence of Seve.

By 1979 it was Europe who took on the Americans in West Virginia. Once again they lost. Two years later, Seve, caught in the middle of an ugly public row over appearance money, was left out of the home side as a punishment. Once again the USA won easily.

In 1983, Tony Jacklin took on the role as captain only after the PGA met his demands that the players had the best of everything. Previously they had flown economy and had to wear ill-fitting and shoddy official gear. Under Jacklin the clothes improved and they flew Concorde.

At the centre of his plan, however, was the return of Ballesteros to the side. More than that, he wanted Seve to be the on-course leader. Proud as ever, Seve took some convincing. Once persuaded, though, he gave his role everything. Again Europe lost, but it was close - 14 1/2 to 13 1/2 - and when the players gathered in their locker-room Seve spent 20 minutes telling them that they now knew they could beat the USA. Two years later at The Belfry Europe finally won - the first time since 1957 the Americans had lost. Champagne was sprayed everywhere, Concorde did a victory fly-past, a military band played 'Land of Hope and Glory' and the modern Ryder Cup era began. Led by Seve, everybody cried.

In total, he played in eight competitions - three victories, one halved - before skippering the team to another win in 1997 at Valderrama on the Costa del Sol. He was beside himself with excitement and determination that week in Spain. Existing on an average two hours' sleep a night he coaxed, cajoled and often irritated many of his team members. But, crucially, they still played for him. Defeat in his home country was unthinkable and he transplanted his desire to everyone. The American captain, Tom Kite, subdued and bespectacled, never stood a chance.

By then, Seve's stature as a contender on the world's bigger stages was all but gone. He did not know it at the time but, at just 40, his playing future was behind him and his 43rd placing in the 1996 Masters was to be the last time he made the halfway cut in a major. Some record, though. Those five majors, 50 wins on the European Tour and 37 titles elsewhere in the world. No European, so far, can compare to that CV. In terms of style, no one ever will.

David Feherty, a witty, articulate Ulsterman good enough to play in the 1991 Ryder Cup at Kiawah Island and now an analyst on American TV, has no doubt that Ballesteros was the finest player of a brilliant generation. 'I wasn't sure I was good enough to be playing in that Ryder Cup, but on the first morning Seve backed me up against a wall and spent 10 minutes telling me I was a great golfer. I remember thinking, "Bloody hell, here is the greatest player in the world telling me I'm great. Bring it on baby, bring it on." I was too frightened about letting Seve down not to play half-decently that week. Believe me, he is special. If I could have married him I would have.'

In 1983 Seve met and courted Carmen Botin. He was 26, she was a teenager. Carmen's family owned the Bank of Santander, she spoke half a dozen languages and was finishing off her education at a convent boarding school near Ascot. The gulf in Spanish class was huge. So, too, were her family's initial misgivings about this match. Their first date was afternoon tea at a prim Surrey hotel. A chaperone sat nearby.

It was the day after this meeting that he told me about his new love. I knew he had been fretting about not having a regular girlfriend and potential wife, because as he played with my own sons he said that he, too, wanted a family; he worried that he was going to be 'too old to play football or golf with them'. Despite initial Botin family misgivings, Carmen and Seve married in 1988 and had three kids, Javier Baldomero, Miguel and Carmen. They split up a few years ago due to Seve's increasingly erratic behaviour and, apparently, some philandering. Carmen, however, was at his hospital bedside in Madrid during the bleakest moments after he collapsed at a Madrid airport in early October. In all he needed four brain operations before he was allowed to leave hospital in December, to recuperate at home in Pedreña on Spain's northern coast, with further treatment to come. He was, he admits, at times 'a rebel patient' and after praising his medical team he sent his apologies to them. No change there then.

It has been a constant regret to him that his sons and daughter never got to see him play at his best, although Baldomero did get to caddie for him at the 2006 Open. Seve narrowly missed the halfway cut, but his son was wide-eyed afterwards when he spoke of the constant affection and support for his father as they walked Royal Liverpool. It was his last significant appearance as a player. The following summer he turned up at Carnoustie to deny reports of a suicide attempt and to announce his retirement from the game.

He was a diminished figure that Monday in Scotland, but he was still Seve. The eyes no longer burned brightly but he was still genuinely amusing in a language that was foreign to him. Mostly, however, he was sad. Sad that his great adventure had ended, sad that he had to deny suicide, sad that he would no longer be coming in to see us and to chat about this, that and everything.

We embraced outside the big tent before he left. As he walked away, slightly stooped and limping from some injury or other, a dank, grey afternoon was suddenly illuminated by shafts of sunlight so that he was silhouetted against the skyline. I swear he seemed to straighten up and to walk more purposefully as this light bathed him. But it might have been wishful thinking on my part.

He told me he was looking forward to his future. 'Life changes,' he said. 'We never know what tomorrow will bring, so we must enjoy ourselves today.' And he pulled the hat I was wearing down over my eyes and laughed.

I could not help remembering years earlier when he came across me while I was playing a round at Crans-sur-Sierre, high on a Swiss Alp. I had hooked my opening tee shot on to the middle of the adjoining 9th fairway, under the low hanging branches of an umbrella pine that bizarrely grows there. For some reason I had a five-iron in my hand as I surveyed this impossible situation and noted the bank of high trees between me and where my ball should be.

Then a familiar figure ducked under the pine. 'Beel, Beel, quick, give me,' and Seve took the five-iron off me, gripped the club down the shaft, bent almost double and then smacked my ball away. Up it went, over the trees before halting, hesitating, and turning left to plunge 90 degrees and down towards the 1st green some 180 yards distant. It was a wonderfully improbable blow.

My playing partners could see none of this but from the other side of all those trees the roars of astonished approval hit the air. 'That was one of the best shots I've ever seen,' said John Paramour, now the European Tour's chief referee. Several hours later, back in the clubhouse, I admitted that it had been the greatest shot I'd never hit. No one, as it turned out, minded.

guardian.co.uk © Guardian News and Media Limited 2011

More on global warming

An interesting video about farming and its possible future

Una Granja para el Futuro from Horatiux on Vimeo.

Answer these questions about the first 20 minutes of the documentary. Then carry on watching it if you feel like it:

1. Why is that farm so special for Rebecca?

2. What fascinated her as a child?

3. What does she do nowadays?

4. What will likely force a revolution in farming?

5. What will this affect?

-what we ................
-where we.................
-the alarming question of whether there will be enough...........

6. What are her memories of her childhood in the farm?

7. What are the implications of being small time farmers?
-not much.....
-a lot of ..........

8. How does her father describe farmers?
-Glorified.....

9.What did her parents actively encouraged her to do?
-get out of....
-go and find
-go and make a ...

10. How does she describe making a living and at the same time preserving the wildlife on the farm?

11. What is the inconvenient truth?
The farm is not more.....

12. What are the farms that she know utterly dependent on?

13. Why is this dependence particularly dnagerous?
-climate...
-not enough.....

14. According to Dr. Collin Campbell, 1981 was a turning point for ....

15. A garage sandwich means the use of tons of fossil fuels. In what ways?

climate change

Another point of view on global warming

men and women

more on education

More interesting videos about education, this time with Spanish subtitles

and another one

do schools kill creativity?

An interesting video about education and creativity:

127 hours

Hello everybody,
This week the newspaper article talks about an extremely compelling feat by a man in the United States and shown in a film by the British filmaker Danny Boyle (Slumdog Millionaire, The Beach, Trainspotting...). And it comes with the answers to the questions



THE EXTRAORDINARY STORY BEHIND DANNY BOYLE'S 127
Level 1 Elementary
Warmer
1How long is 127 hours in days?
2.What day and time will it be 127 hours from now?

Find the following information in the text and as quickly as possible.
1.Who is Aron Ralston?
2.What is the film 2. 127 Hours about?
3.What and where are “the fourteeners”?
4.Where was Aron Ralston when he got trapped?
5.What did Aron Ralston have to do to free himself?
6.How did he get to hospital?


The extraordinary story behind Danny Boyle’s 127 Hours
Danny Boyle’s new film, 127 Hours, tells how climber Aron Ralston found himself trapped alone in a canyon and had to perform surgery to save his life
Patrick Barkham
15 December, 2010
Aron Ralston had been climbing in the canyons of Utah alone when a boulder fell onto his right arm and trapped him against a rock. He was alone in the wilderness of Bluejohn Canyon, carrying a small rucksack with just one litre of water, two burritos and a few chunks of chocolate. He had headphones and a video camera but no mobile phone. He had not told anyone where he was going. In the end, he had to cut off his trapped arm, with a small knife from his cheap multitool kit.
Ralston, who is now 35, has just attended the London premiere of 127 Hours, Danny Boyle’s film about his extraordinary escape from certain death. The film – like Ralston himself, full of boyish energy – is remarkably true-to-life,
says Ralston.
It is hardly surprising that people have fainted in cinemas when they watch the point when Ralston, brilliantly played by James Franco in the film, begins his amputation.
The year before his accident, Ralston left his job as an engineer to climb all Colorado’s “fourteeners” – mountains with peaks over 14,000ft. In May 2003, he began “canyoneering” in Utah, going through Bluejohn Canyon with a mixture of free-climbing, daring jumps and climbing with ropes. He was making a 10ft drop in a 3ft-wide canyon when he dislodged a boulder. “I go from being out in a beautiful place and just being so happy and carefree to, ‘oh [no]’. I fell a few feet, in slow motion, I look up and the boulder is coming and I put my hands up and try to push myself away and it crushes my right hand.” Ralston was trapped in the canyon, his right hand and lower arm crushed by the 800lb rock.
The next second, he felt the pain. For 45 minutes he “cursed like a pirate”. Then he reached for his water bottle. He had to make himself stop drinking it all. “I realized the water was the only thing that was going to keep me alive,” he says. Because he hadn’t told anyone where he was going, he knew he would not be found. “I put the lid back on the water bottle. I knew I had to think my way out of there.”
He decided against the most drastic option – suicide – but he thought of the next most drastic alternative immediately. “I said to myself, ‘Aron, you’re gonna have to cut your arm off.’” After two days spent chipping at the rock with his knife and thinking up unsuccessful ways to move the boulder, he put his knife to his arm. But the knife was so blunt he couldn’t even cut his body hair.
By the fifth day, Ralston had found “peace” in the knowledge that he was going to die there. The next morning he realized that he could throw himself against the boulder to break his own bones. Then it was easy. The snap of his bones “like, pow!” was a horrifying sound “but to me it was joyous”, he remembers. “I said to myself, it’s rubbish, it’s going to kill you, get rid of it, Aron.” He remembers being very cool and calm when he picked up the knife. It took him an hour to cutIn the canyon, Ralston calculated it would take him at least ten hours to find medical help and that he would bleed to death in that time but, using pieces of climbing equipment, he strapped himself up and somehow managed to climb a 65ft cliff to escape the canyon. In the fierce sun, he was found by three Dutch tourists, who gave him water and helped him. Finally, he was picked up by a search-and-rescue helicopter sent by his family to look for him.
Ralston is different today compared with how he was before the accident. He recognizes that he depends on other people. The love of others, his relationships with his family and friends, kept him alive, he says now.
Ralston’s camera connected him to other people’s love. He recorded a series of video diaries while he was trapped. Although he played his videos to his parents, he decided he would never allow them to be shown to anyone else.
Instead, much of what Franco says in the film exactly replicates what Ralston said in his videos. Boyle filmed 127 Hours at the exact spot
where Ralston had the accident. “The movie is so factually accurate that it is as close to a documentary as you can get and still be a drama,” Ralston says. “I think it’s the best film ever made.”
© Guardian News & Media 2010
11 First published in The Guardian, 15/12/10

Fill the gaps using these key words from the text. The paragraph numbers are given to help you.
1. a very large rock or piece of stone _____________________ (para 1)
2. the first time a film is shown _____________________ (para 2)
3. the removal of a body part by cutting it off _____________________ (para 3)
4. forced out of its position _____________________ (para 4)
5. when something has been hit or pressed so hard that it is badly damaged _____________________ (para 4)
6. swore, shouted and said ‘bad’ words _____________________ (para 5)
7. something that has a very strong effect on something else _____________________ (para 6)
8. not pointed or sharp _____________________ (para 6)
9. to exactly copy something _____________________ (para 10)
10. a film or television programme that shows real people and events _____________________ (para 11)

Put these facts in chronological order (1-8) to summarize the article. (AR = Aron Ralston)
AR cuts off his right arm.
AR films his video diary.
Danny Boyle makes a film bout AR.
AR realizes that he should not drink his water all at once.
AR leaves his job as an engineer.
AR smashes the bones in his arm.
Film audiences faint.
A falling rock traps AR in a canyon.

WEBQUEST
Watch the film trailer for 127 Hours on http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h5DHU-S7vXE
Find photos and watch interviews with Aron Ralston by typing his name into a search engine (e.g. Google, Bing, etc.).
Find photos and satellite images of Bluejohn Canyon by typing its name into a search engine or online atlas such as Google maps.


ANSWERS

1.Five days and seven hours.
2.students’ own answers)

Find the information

1. A climber and ex-engineer.
2. Ralston’s incredible escape from certain death. 127 hours is the length of time Ralston was trapped in the canyon.
3. Mountains in Colorado that are all higher than 14,000 feet.
4. In Bluejohn Canyon, Utah, USA.
5. Cut off his right arm.
6. Three Dutch tourists found him at the top of the canyon and helped him until the search-and-rescue helicopter that his family had sent out to look for him found them.

Key words

1.boulder
2.premiere
3.amputation
4.dislodged
5.crushed
6.cursed
7.drastic
8.blunt
9.replicate
10.documentary

Summarizing

1. AR leaves his job as an engineer.
2. A falling rock traps AR in a canyon.
3. AR realises that he should not drink his water all
at once.
4. AR films his video diary.
5. AR smashes the bones in his arm.
6. AR cuts off his right arm.
7. Danny Boyle makes a film bout AR.
8. Film audiences faint.

a nightmare in yellow

Nightmare in Yellow


He awoke when the alarm clock rang, but lay in bed for a while going over the plans he'd made. Every little detail had been worked out, but this was the final check. Tonight at forty-six minutes after eight he'd be free, in every way. He'd picked that moment because this was his fortieth birthday and that was the exact time of the evening when he had been born. It had struck his sense of humour to have his new life begin at forty, to the minute.
As a lawyer who specialised in handling wills*, a lot of money passed through his hands - and some of it had passed into them. He had carefully sold a lot of property, and by this afternoon he'd have well over a hundred thousand dollars, enough to last him the rest of his life. And they’d never catch him. He'd planned every detail of his trip, his destination, his new identity, and it was foolproof. He's planned it for months. His decision to kill his wife had been an afterthought. The motive was simple: he hated her.
He'd hardly been able to keep from laughing at the birthday present she'd given him; it had been a new suitcase. She'd also talked him into celebrating his birthday by having dinner at seven. Little did she guess how the celebration would go after that. He planned to get her home by eight forty-six and make himself a widower at that exact moment. There was a practical advantage, too, in leaving her dead. If he left her alive but asleep, she'd guess what had happened and call the police when she found him gone in the morning. If he left her dead, her body would not be found for two or three days, and he'd have a much better start.
Things went smoothly at the office; by the time he went to meet his wife everything was ready. But she dawdled** over drinks and dinner and he began to worry whether he could get her home by eight forty-six. It was ridiculous, he knew, but it had become important that his moment of freedom should come then and not a minute earlier or a minute later. He watched his watch.
He would have missed it by half a minute if he'd waited till they were inside the house. The dark of the porch of their house was perfectly safe, as safe as inside. He swung the cosh viciously once, as she stood at the front door, waiting for him to open it. He caught her before she fell and managed to hold her upright with one arm while he got the door open and then got it closed from the inside.
Then he flicked the switch and yellow light filled the room. Before they could see that his wife was dead and that he was holding her up, all the assembled birthday party guests shouted “SURPRISE!”


*Will = a document in which you declare what you want to happen to your money and property when you die.
** Dawdled = did something very slowly taking more time than is necessary.

A. These sentences summarise some of the events in the story. Put them into the order in which they happened. Be careful, this may be different to the order in which they appear in the story. (4 points. 0'5 each)

a) He sold other people's property and kept some of the money.
b) He went out for a birthday celebration dinner with his wife.
c) He planned to kill his wife.
d) He planned to run away with the money he made on selling property.
e) He awoke on the morning of his birthday and went over the plans in his mind.
f) He switched on the light, holding up his wife.
g) He and his wife returned home at approximately quarter to nine.
h) He hit his wife on the head with a cosh.

1._____ 2._____ 3._____ 4._____ 5._____ 6._____ 7._____ 8._____



B. Define the following words. (3 points/1 each)


guess: ___________________________________________________________

widower: _________________________________________________________

asleep: ___________________________________________________________



C. Find the words or phrases in the story that mean the same as the following. Think first what part of speech (noun, verb, adjective or adverb) you are looking for. (3 points / 0'5 each)

___________ : chosen.

___________ : dealing with, managing.

___________ : so simple and easy to understand that it is unable to go wrong.

___________ : something you do but without careful planning.

___________ : easily.

___________ : gathered together in a group.